Year 2 — Term 1
14 study notes · 202 practice questions · Aligned with NIE syllabus
Counted in the Idasara Academy app, which you open with a free account. The free notes, revision, practice and library pages for each lesson are linked below.
Lessons in This Term
Electric Current & Charge Flow
Electric Current (I): The rate of flow of electric charge through a cross-section of a conductor. Current is the flow of charge, not the charge itself.
Ohm’s Law, Resistance & Resistivity
Ohm’s Law: At constant temperature, the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it.
EMF, Internal Resistance & Cells
Electromotive Force (EMF, ε): The total energy supplied per unit charge by a source (cell or generator) when no current is drawn.
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Create Free AccountSeries & Parallel Circuits
Series Circuit: A circuit where components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current.
Kirchhoff’s Laws
Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL): The algebraic sum of currents entering a junction equals the algebraic sum of currents leaving that junction.
Wheatstone Bridge & Meter Bridge
Wheatstone Bridge Principle: A circuit used to measure an unknown resistance by balancing two ratio arms. The bridge consists of four resistors arranged in a diamond shape (P, Q, R, S) with a galvanometer between the midpoints.
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Create Free AccountPotentiometer
Potentiometer: A device used to measure potential difference (voltage) without drawing any current from the source.
Magnetic Fields & Magnetic Force
Magnetic Field (B): A region of space where a moving charge or a magnetic material experiences a force.
Magnetic Fields of Conductors & Solenoids
Magnetic Field due to a Long Straight Conductor: A current-carrying straight wire produces a circular magnetic field around it. The field lines form concentric circles centered on the wire, with direction given by the right-hand grip rule (thumb along current, fingers curl in field direction).
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Create Free AccountElectromagnetic Induction
Magnetic Flux (Φ): The product of the magnetic flux density and the area perpendicular to the field.
Alternating Current & RMS
Alternating Current (AC): A current that periodically reverses direction, with its magnitude varying sinusoidally with time.
Inductive & Capacitive Reactance
Reactance (X): The opposition to alternating current (AC) offered by an inductor or capacitor, measured in ohms (Ω).
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Transformer: A static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction, without changing frequency.
Generators & Motors
Electromagnetic Induction (Generator Principle): The production of an EMF in a conductor when the magnetic flux through it changes.