Year 1 — Term 2
14 study notes · 206 practice questions · Aligned with NIE syllabus
Counted in the Idasara Academy app, which you open with a free account. The free notes, revision, practice and library pages for each lesson are linked below.
Lessons in This Term
Simple Harmonic Motion
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): A periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium and acts opposite to it.
Wave Motion
Progressive Wave: A disturbance that transfers energy from one point to another without the net transfer of the medium itself.
Wave Phenomena (Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction, Interference)
Reflection: The bouncing back of a wave when it encounters a boundary between two media. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection (measured from the normal).
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Create Free AccountStationary Waves & Resonance
Stationary (Standing) Wave: A wave pattern formed by the superposition of two identical waves travelling in opposite directions, resulting in nodes (points of zero displacement) and antinodes (points of maximum displacement).
Sound & Doppler Effect
Sound as a Longitudinal Wave: Sound is a mechanical wave that propagates through a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) via compressions and rarefactions of particles.
EM Waves & LASER
Electromagnetic (EM) Wave: A transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields, propagating through space without a medium.
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Create Free AccountTemperature & Thermometers
Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It determines the direction of net thermal energy flow (from higher to lower temperature).
Thermal Expansion
Linear Expansion: The increase in length of a solid when its temperature rises. When a solid rod is heated, its atoms vibrate more vigorously, increasing the average separation between them.
Gas Laws & Kinetic Theory
Ideal Gas: A hypothetical gas whose molecules occupy negligible volume and have no intermolecular forces.
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Create Free AccountCalorimetry & Specific Heat
Heat Capacity (C): The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of an entire object by 1 K (or 1 °C).
Latent Heat & Phase Change
Latent Heat: The thermal energy absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change at constant temperature.
Heat Transfer
Conduction: The transfer of thermal energy through a material without bulk motion of the material itself.
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Create Free AccountHumidity & Vapour Pressure
Vapour Pressure: The partial pressure exerted by water vapour molecules in a gas mixture. At any given temperature, water molecules evaporate from a liquid surface into the air above, creating a pressure contribution independent of other gases.
Thermodynamic Processes
Thermodynamic Process: A change in the state of a system (defined by pressure, volume, and temperature) from an initial equilibrium state to a final equilibrium state.