Thermal Physics
Learn the key concepts of Thermal Physics for A/L Physics, explained simply · Aligned with the NIE syllabus
Where this fits in the syllabus
Grade 1 · Term 2
What you'll learn
Learn the key concepts of Thermal Physics for A/L Physics, explained simply
About A/L Physics: The A/L Physics syllabus is structured across two academic years, covering fundamental and advanced topics in mechanics, waves, electricity, and modern physics. Every topic on Idasara Academy is mapped directly to the NIE curriculum.
Thermodynamic Process
A change in the state of a system (defined by pressure, volume, and temperature) from an initial equilibrium state to a final equilibrium state.
Each process follows a specific path on a P-V diagram, and the work done, heat exchanged, and internal energy change depend on the path. For example, compressing a gas in a piston-cylinder assembly slowly (quasi-statically) allows the gas to remain in equilibrium throughout.
Isothermal Process
A process occurring at constant temperature (ΔT = 0).
For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on temperature, so ΔU = 0. By the First Law (ΔU = Q – W), the heat added equals the work done by the gas. Real-world example: a gas expanding slowly in a cylinder immersed in a constant-temperature water bath, so heat flows in to keep temperature constant.
Source: Idasara knowledge pack — english/AL_SCIENCE/physics v19, short_notes: Lesson 4.8 - Thermodynamic Processes
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