Linear Motion & Projectile Motion — A/L Physics

What must I remember about Linear Motion & Projectile Motion?

• Kinematic Equations for Constant Acceleration: v = u + at, s = ut + (1/2)at², v² = u² + 2as, s = ((u + v)/2)t.
• Motion Graphs: Gradient of displacement-time graph = Velocity; Gradient of velocity-time graph = Acceleration; Area under acceleration-time graph = Change in velocity.
• Projectile Motion Principles: Horizontal and vertical components are mutually independent; Horizontal acceleration ax = 0 (constant vx = u cos θ); Vertical acceleration ay = -g (free fall under gravity).
• Key Projectile Formulas: Time of Flight T = (2u sin θ)/g; Maximum Height H = (u² sin² θ)/(2g); Horizontal Range R = (u² sin 2θ)/g; Trajectory Equation: y = x tan θ - (g x²)/(2u² cos² θ).

Test yourself (1 minute)

1. Maximum Range Condition

   Range R is maximized at launch angle θ = 45° (R_max = u²/g).

2. Complementary Angles of Projection

   Launch angles θ and (90° - θ) yield identical horizontal ranges R for the same initial speed u.

3. Air Resistance Reality

   In air, maximum range occurs at θ < 45° (~38°-42°), maximum height is reduced, and the trajectory is asymmetric (steeper descent).

Practise Linear Motion & Projectile Motion questions today

Source: NIE G.C.E. (A/L) Physics Resource Book - Unit 2: Mechanics

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Next in the syllabus

Where does Linear Motion & Projectile Motion fit in the syllabus?

Unit 2.1 · Grade 12 · Term 1